Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn: Kiến thức và bài tập thậm chí người học tiếng Anh cần biết!

Khái niệm thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn là một cấu trúc ngữ pháp quan trọng trong tiếng Anh. Nó được sử dụng để nói về sự việc đã xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng vẫn còn tiếp diễn ở hiện tại và có thể tiếp tục trong tương lai. Thì này giúp chúng ta diễn tả những sự việc đã kết thúc nhưng vẫn còn những ảnh hưởng hay dấu hiệu của nó.

Một hình ảnh minh họa

Cấu trúc thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

• Câu khẳng định: S + have/has + been + V-ing Ví dụ:

  • Tôi đã chơi bóng chuyền được 3 tiếng đồng hồ.
  • Chị tôi đã làm việc cho công ty này được 5 năm.

• Câu phủ định: S + haven't/hasn't + been + V-ing Ví dụ:

  • Cô ấy không học môn Toán được 2 năm nay.
  • Anh ta không nói chuyện với Anna tháng trước.

• Câu nghi vấn: Have/has + S + been + V-ing Ví dụ:

  • Bạn đã nấu ăn chưa?
  • Anh ấy đã gọi điện chưa?

Cách sử dụng thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

• Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu ở quá khứ và vẫn đang tiếp tục ở hiện tại (nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của hành động). Ví dụ: Tôi đã chơi bóng chuyền được 3 tiếng đồng hồ. ( Tôi đã chơi bóng chuyền được 3 tiếng đồng hồ rồi.) Chúng ta có thể hiểu rằng, việc chơi bóng chuyền đã bắt đầu cách đây 3 tiếng đồng hồ và vẫn đang tiếp diễn mà không có dấu hiệu kết thúc.

• Diễn tả hành động đã kết thúc trong quá khứ nhưng vẫn quan tâm tới kết quả hiện tại. Ví dụ: Tôi đang rất mệt vì tôi đã làm việc vất vả trong 10 tiếng đồng hồ. Mặc dù việc làm vất vả trong 10 tiếng đồng hồ đã kết thúc nhưng ta vẫn có thể thấy kết quả hiện tại (đang rất mệt).

Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

• Since + mốc thời gian Ví dụ: Chúng tôi học từ sáng sớm.

• For + khoảng thời gian Ví dụ: Chị tôi đã xem chương trình TV được 6 tiếng đồng hồ rồi.

• All + thời gian (all the morning, all the afternoon, all day,…) Ví dụ: Anh ấy chơi trò chơi cả buổi sáng.

Phân biệt thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn với thì hiện tại hoàn thành

Bài tập và đáp án chi tiết

Bài tập

EX1: Chia động từ. Sử dụng hiện tại hoàn hoàn thành tiếp diễn

Susan: Sorry I’m late. Vicky: It’s OK (*) I have been waiting ( I/not/wait) long. What (1)………..(you/do)? Susan: I’ve been with Mrs. King. (2)………….(she/help) me with my English. Vicky: Your English is very good. You don’t need lessons, surely. How long (3)……………….(you/study) English? Susan: Er, nice years now. But my accent wasn’t so good before I came to England. (4)…………….(I/try) to improve. I think (5)…………….(it/get) better lately. Vicky: Your accent is fine, Susan. Honestly.

EX2: Bạn có thể nói gì trong những tình huống này? Viết câu với hiện tại hoàn thành liên tục và một cụm từ với. Sử dụng các động từ: read, swim, talk, travel, work

1. Brian went into the water an hour ago. He doesn’t want to come out yet. ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Your friends started their journey around the world two months ago. They’ve gone about halfway now. …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Jack got to the office early this morning. Ten hours later he’s still there. …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Mary rang Vicky forty minutes ago, and they’re still on the phone. …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. David has got an interesting book. He started it quite a long time ago. Ask him how long. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………

EX3: Điền vào ô trống

1. I’m tired, because I …… have been studying ………. (study) very hard.
2. He …………………………………… has been writing ……………… (write) letters all morning.
3. Linda is getting fatter because she ……………………………… has been eating ……………… (eat) too much.
4. My sister ………………………………………….. has been peeling ……… (peel) the potatoes all afternoon.
5. Lisa ……………………………………… has been attending ………… (attend) a cookery course since March.
6. How long …………… you have been learning ……………………………… (learn) English?
7. Where are my eye-glasses? I …………………………………… have been looking …… (look) for them for an hour.
8. Luna ………………………………………… has been escaping ………… (escape) from the police for years.
9. How long ……… you have been using …………………………………… (use) a smartphone?
10. Juliet ………………………………………….. has been living ………… (live) with Mike for three years.
11. My sister …………………………………… has been earning …………(earn) quite a lot of money for the last two years.
12. It …………………………………………………. has been raining …………(rain) for six hours.

EX4: Chọn đáp án đúng

1. I have bought/have been buying a new pair of shoes.
2. Have you finished/Have you been finishing watching that TV program yet?
3. They have drunk/have been drinking smoothies all afternoon, ever since they came from school.
4. I have been watching/have watched this TV now, so you can have it back.
5. I have been writing/have written ten pages already.

EX5: Chia động từ

1. God! Hakan has been scoring (score).
2. They have been dancing (dance) for an hour.
3. I have been waiting (wait) for you for ages.
4. I have been finishing (finish) my work.
5. I have been writing (write) this letter for an hour.
6. He has been visiting (visit) ten museums this week.
7. I’m very tired. Because I have been traveling (travel) around Istanbul all day.
8. She has been finding (find) a good job.
9. I’m hot because I have been running (run).
10. I have been writing (write) letters for weeks.

EX6: Hoàn thành đoạn hội thoại

Linda: What are you doing, Tommy? (►) You've been (you/be) in here for ages. You're making an awful mess. Tommy: 0)…………………………(I/clear) out this cupboard most of the afternoon. There's a lot of old stuff in here. (2)………………….(I/find) these look. Linda: (3)…………….. (you/sit) there staring at those old boots for the last five minutes. (4)…………….I/watch) you. (5)……………….(you/be) in a dream. Tommy: They're football boots. (6)…………….. (I/have) them since I was about sixteen. (7)……………..(they/be) in here for years. Linda: Well, throw them away. And what about that tennis racket? Is this yours? Tommy: No, it must be yours. (8)……………..(I/never/have) a ten racket.

EX 7: Viết lại câu hoàn chỉnh

1. Mary/ have/ lunch/ her/ friends/ a/ restaurant.
2. They/ ask/ a/ man/ about/ the/ way/ the/ railway/ museum.
3. My/ student/ draw/ a/ beautiful/ picture .
4. My/ father/ water/ some plants/ the/ garden.
5. My/ mother/ clean/ floor/.

EX 8: Chia động từ

1. She has been sleeping (sleep) for hours now because she didn't get enough sleep last night.
2. When he arrived, his family was having (have) dinner.
3. What are you doing now? She has been waiting (wait) for you for so long.
4. My mother has been doing (still do) the gardening (since I came home). Meanwhile, my brother has done (do) his homework.
5. His mother has been going (go) shopping (since she went out with her friends).
6. Jenifer has been watching (watch) his favorite film (since I came).

Đáp án

EX1:

1. haven't been waiting
2. has been helping
3. have you been studying
4. I have been trying
5. it's been getting

EX2:

1. Brian has been swimming for an hour.
2. My friends have been traveling (around the world) for two months.
3. Jack has been working for ten hours.
4. Mary and Vicky have been talking for forty minutes.
5. How long have you been reading the/that book?

EX3: 2. Has been writing 3. Has been eating 4. Has been peeling 5. Has been attending 6. Have you been learning 7. Have been looking 8. Has been escaping 9. Have you been using 10. Has been living 11. Has been earning 12. It has been raining

EX4:

1. I have bought
2. Have you finished
3. They have been drinking
4. I have been watching
5. I have been writing

EX5:

1. has been scoring
2. have been dancing
3. have been waiting
4. have been finishing
5. have been writing
6. has been visiting
7. have been traveling
8. has been finding
9. have been running
10. have been writing

EX6: 0. I've been clearing 2. I've found 3. have you been sitting 4. I've been watching 5. have you been 6. I've had 7. They've been 8. I've never had

EX7:

1. Mary has had lunch with her friends at a restaurant.
2. They have asked a man about the way to the railway museum.
3. My student has drawn a beautiful picture.
4. My father has watered some plants in the garden.
5. My mother has cleaned the floor.

EX8:

1. She has been sleeping
2. His family was having
3. What are you doing now? She has been waiting
4. My mother has been doing the gardening since I came home. Meanwhile, my brother has done his homework.
5. His mother has been going shopping since she went out with her friends.
6. Jenifer has been watching his favorite film since I came.

EX9:

1. has been decorating his bedroom
2. have been working on his biology project
3. have been practicing rugby
4. have been watching Shamy and Matt
5. has been doing nothing
6. have been shopping
7. has been helping with housework
8. have been chatting on the Internet
9. have been doing community work
10. has been reading a book